Comparison of the Feldstein-Starkov Auroral Oval Model with the Epsilon Parameter for Various Geomagnetic Storms

18th European Space Weather Week, Zagreb, Hırvatistan, 24 - 28 Ekim 2022, ss.20

Auroras are bright bands of light formed by the precipitation of various molecules

in the atmosphere in the Earth's polar regions as a result of geomagnetic storms

caused by solar activity. Auroras form around the polar cap containing highly

intense magnetic field lines, almost independently of the Earth's rotation, and in a

ring-shaped region known as the Auroral Oval. The Auroral Oval shifts with the

weather, spreading to higher latitudes during periods of strong solar activity and

vice versa. Auroral electrojets can be seen as a projection of the magnetosphere

in the earth's atmosphere, as they can be caused by various factors, and are

critical for space weather studies, particularly for a better understanding of the

magnetosphere-ionosphere coupling. In this study, the dependence of the

Feldstein-Starkov Oval model, which is a function of the AL Auroral Electrojet

index, which is used to determine the boundaries of the Auroral Oval, to

parameters such as the velocity, magnetic field, and number density of the solar

wind measured by the WIND spacecraft was investigated and compared with the

Akasofu Epsilon Parameter, which is the energy input denotes the amount of

energy transported from the Sun to the magnetosphere via the solar wind

dedicated again with the WIND spacecraft. The findings are computed and

compared with the OVATION Prime auroral precipitation model for the G3 class

geomagnetic storm on 10 April 2022, the G2 class on 13 March 2022, and the G1

class geomagnetic storm on 4 February 2022.