Maliyet kısıtı altında yüksek güç yoğunluklu ve yüksek hızlı üçfazlı asenkron motor tasarımı

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Thesis Type: Postgraduate

Institution Of The Thesis: Yildiz Technical University, Graduate School of Natural and Applied Sciences, Turkey

Approval Date: 2019

Thesis Language: Turkish

Student: HARUN ETÇİ

Supervisor: Atiye Hülya Obdan

Open Archive Collection: AVESIS Open Access Collection

Abstract:

Asynchronous motors with a long history of nearly a hundred years have become the cornerstone of motion energy in industry. In addition, the development of the production techniques of asynchronous motors and the controlling of asynchronous motors with power electronics circuits has increased the usage of asynchronous motor in the market. In particular, squirrel cage asynchronous motors do not require external excitation and therefore no need for maintenance parts such as brushes are among the important advantages of squirrel-cage asynchronous motors. In addition, the use of squirrel cage asynchronous motors can be directly connected to the grid without the need for an inverter, power electronics circuits. The advancement of material technology, the development of production techniques, as well as the simplification of motor design due to the development of the technology, have resulted in high efficiency levels in asynchronous motors. Today, asynchronous motors can be produced at IE3, IE4 efficiency levels defined by IEC standard. While all these developments in the motor market continued, great progress was also made in semiconductor technology. The development of semiconductor technology has reduced the size and costs of the inverters. Due to all these developments, speed control applications in drive systems have become increasingly widespread in the industry. Asynchronous motors, which are used with inverter, have started to have a large market usage in applications where speed control is needed. Variable speed and high speed applications are frequently used in electric vehicles motors, traction motors (railway), pumps and compressor motors. In asynchronous motors, speed control is performed by changing the frequency of the voltage applied to the motor. Due to the structure of the asynchronous motor, the motor can operate without loss of torque at high speed as long as the ratio of voltage and frequency (V/f) applied to the motor is kept constant. However, the inverters do not provide more output voltage than the mains input voltage. Especially in high speed applications, the inverter output voltage cannot exceed the mains input voltage and due to the decrease in the V/ f ratio in the scalar control, resulting in loss of torque in the asynchronous motor. In cases where torque loss is not desired at high speeds, users are turning to the use of standard motors with greater output power. The use of standard motors in large powers increases initial investment costs. Furthermore, the use of standard motors is a challenge for designers in applications where the volume of the motor is limited, such as electric vehicles, rail systems and compressor applications, due to the large size of the motor. In this study, the design and optimization of three phase squirrel cage motors with high power density for variable speed applications using scalar control has been realized in order to avoid these disadvantages and to give users an advantage in terms of size and cost. In the design of the motor, a wide frequency range was targeted, while the motor size and the active material cost were kept to a minimum. By making design work, IEC 100 frame size 3 kW 50 Hz 3000 rpm motor is able to give 5.5 kW output power without loss of torque during operation at 100 Hz 6000 rpm. In this way constant torque region of the motor is extended from 0-50 Hz to 0-100 Hz and IEC 132 frame size motor's standard power can be taken from IEC 100 frame size which has smaller size structure.