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Dağ İ., Kuruşcu A. O., Parsa A. R.
International Journal of Scientific Research and Management, vol.10, no.7, pp.2445-2458, 2022 (Peer-Reviewed Journal)
Abstract
Precast concrete systems, which are the result of industrialization in the field of construction, are faced with the prejudice of insufficient earthquake resistance despite their many advantages and their use is limited in Turkey. These systems, which have proven earthquake resistance if they are designed properly, can be used safely in low-rise or multi-storey buildings with different functions in earthquake zones. The aim of thisstudy is to determine the architectural design requirements of earthquake-resistant precast concrete structures and to reveal the structural system design approaches. In accordance with this aim, the earthquake effect on the structures was summarized and architectural design principles that would contribute to the earthquake resistance of precast concrete structures were determined firstly. Then, earthquake-resistant structural system design approaches of frame, panel, and cell construction were evaluated separately.Keywords: Design, Earthquake, Earthquake Zone, Precast Concrete Structure, Turkey1. IntroductionTechnological developments and social events that took place during the historical process have also affected the construction industry and paved the way for the production and development of new materials and techniques. After the Second World War, aimingto produce higher quality, faster, and more economical buildings with less labor bring industrialization in building construction and, as a result, prefabrication (Tokgöz &Koçak, 2008). With this development, while precast concrete construction had a high application rate, especially in European countries, it was accepted with prejudice due to earthquake resistance in Turkey and was limited to a share of about 7% in the general construction industry (Ekinci et al., 2007). The adaptation of the first precast concrete construction practices in Turkey from Western Europe, where there is no earthquake risk, formed the basis of these prejudices (Ersoy &Tankut, 1988).The extent of the damageto the precast concrete structures that were not built with sufficient earthquake resistance was revealed by the 1998 Adana-Ceyhan and then the 1999 Marmara earthquakes. As a result of the researches carried out in Adapazarı after the 1999 Marmara earthquake, it was observed that about 80% of the precast concrete structures were partially or completely damaged (Yılmaz, 2004). These damages occurred again in the 2011 Van earthquake, but as a result of the investigations, it was seen that the structures withthe correct design and in accordance with the new earthquake regulations survived the earthquake without damage (Özdenet al., 2012).Recent studies suggest that precast concrete structures can be used safely in high-risk earthquake zones if they are designed consciously (Ersoy&Tankut, 1988). Designing precast concrete structures to be earthquake-resistant is important, in terms of preventing possible destruction and benefitting from the advantages of prefabricated systems resulting in the increased use of safe structures.