CB-MAC: a novel cluster-based MAC protocol for VANETs

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SHAH A. S., İLHAN H., Tureli U.

IET INTELLIGENT TRANSPORT SYSTEMS, cilt.13, sa.4, ss.587-595, 2019 (SCI-Expanded) identifier identifier

  • Yayın Türü: Makale / Tam Makale
  • Cilt numarası: 13 Sayı: 4
  • Basım Tarihi: 2019
  • Doi Numarası: 10.1049/iet-its.2018.5267
  • Dergi Adı: IET INTELLIGENT TRANSPORT SYSTEMS
  • Derginin Tarandığı İndeksler: Science Citation Index Expanded (SCI-EXPANDED), Scopus
  • Sayfa Sayıları: ss.587-595
  • Anahtar Kelimeler: vehicular ad hoc networks, access protocols, network topology, mobility management (mobile radio), wireless LAN, Markov processes, wireless channels, CB-MAC protocol, cluster-based medium access control protocol, cluster-based MAC protocol, VANET, vehicular ad hoc networks, relative mobility, frequent link breakage, network topology, channel contention, cluster formation process, cluster head election process, cluster merging process, IEEE 802, 11 standard, request-to-send mechanism, clear-to-send mechanism, RTS mechanism, CTS mechanism, nonsafety data delivery, Markov chain model-based analytical model
  • Yıldız Teknik Üniversitesi Adresli: Evet

Özet

Due to relative mobility, topology changes rapidly with frequent link breakage in vehicular ad hoc networks (VANETs). Clustering VANETs into small groups limits channel contention and controls the network topology efficiently. In this study, a novel cluster-based medium access control (CB-MAC) protocol is proposed for VANETs. The cluster formation process is defined. Moreover, cluster head election and cluster merging processes are described for efficient communication in the cluster as well as out of the cluster. The mechanism defined in IEEE 802.11 standard is specially designed for only direct communications and is not suitable for cluster-based communications. Therefore, new control packets are introduced and the existing control packet format is modified to support cluster-based communications. For effective MAC protocol design, the request to send (RTS)/clear to send (CTS) mechanism is not used for safety messages which are of broadcast nature. On the other hand, the RTS/CTS mechanism is used for non-safety data delivery to eliminate hidden node problem. Markov chain model-based analytical model is presented to explore the performance of the proposed CB-MAC protocol. The proposed protocol is validated by numerical studies. The numerical results exhibit that the proposed CB-MAC protocol improves system performance and satisfies the delay constraint of 100 ms for safety messages.

 Due to relative mobility, topology changes rapidly with frequent link breakage in vehicular ad hoc networks (VANETs). Clustering VANETs into small groups limits channel contention and controls the network topology efficiently. In this study, a novel cluster-based medium access control (CB-MAC) protocol is proposed for VANETs. The cluster formation process is defined. Moreover, cluster head election and cluster merging processes are described for efficient communication in the cluster as well as out of the cluster. The mechanism defined in IEEE 802.11 standard is specially designed for only direct communications and is not suitable for cluster-based communications. Therefore, new control packets are introduced and the existing control packet format is modified to support cluster-based communications. For effective MAC protocol design, the request to send (RTS)/clear to send (CTS) mechanism is not used for safety messages which are of broadcast nature. On the other hand, the RTS/CTS mechanism is used for non-safety data delivery to eliminate hidden node problem. Markov chain model-based analytical model is presented to explore the performance of the proposed CB-MAC protocol. The proposed protocol is validated by numerical studies. The numerical results exhibit that the proposed CB-MAC protocol improves system performance and satisfies the delay constraint of 100 ms for safety messages