Study of Photochemical and Photophysical Properties of Indium(III) and Titanium(IV) Phthalocyanine Derivatives Containing 3,5-Di-tert-Butyl Groups
Russian Journal of Inorganic Chemistry, vol.70, no.8, pp.1208-1222, 2025 (SCI-Expanded, Scopus)
- Publication Type: Article / Article
- Volume: 70 Issue: 8
- Publication Date: 2025
- Doi Number: 10.1134/s0036023625600406
- Journal Name: Russian Journal of Inorganic Chemistry
- Journal Indexes: Science Citation Index Expanded (SCI-EXPANDED), Scopus, Aerospace Database, Aquatic Science & Fisheries Abstracts (ASFA), Chemical Abstracts Core, Communication Abstracts, Compendex, Metadex
- Page Numbers: pp.1208-1222
- Keywords: HeLa cells, in vitro, photodynamic therapy, singlet oxygen quantum yield
- Yıldız Technical University Affiliated: Yes
Abstract
Abstract: This study focuses on the design and characterization of two phthalocyanine molecules, 1,8(11),15(18),22(25)-tetra-(3,5-di-tert-butylphenoxy)phthalocyaninato indium(III)acetate (In-4) and 1,8(11),15(18),22(25)-tetra-(3,5-di-tert-butylphenoxy)phthalocyaninatooxotitanium(IV) (Ti-5). The composition of the complexes was confirmed by the methods on the basis of UV-Vis, FTIR and 1H NMR spectroscopies as well as elemental analyse and Maldi Tof techniques. Investigating the photochemical and photophysical properties of both axial metal complexes revealed a notably high singlet oxygen quantum yield. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations are used to rationalise the relative stability and photophysical properties of these complexes. The effects of the In-4 complex on cervical cancer were assessed through mitochondrial dehydrogenase activity, which indicated an IC50 at a concentration of 100 µM. Analysis of cell index data suggested the initiation of the cell death pathway, accompanied by DNA damage. Subsequent evaluation of the mitotic index was showed a decrease over time. These findings suggest the potential successful utilization of the In-4 complex in thephotodynamic therapy of cervical cancer. This novel research highlights both the PDT properties of phthalocyanines and the antiproliferative effects of the In-4 complex on HeLa cells.