Compliance with The European Union Green Taxonomy Technical Screening Criteria in the iron and steel industry: an analysis of the effects of energy and raw material transition scenarios on emission thresholds

Korkmaz B., Doğan B., Apaydın Ö.

EurAsia Waste Management Symposium, Nevşehir, Türkiye, 26 - 28 Ekim 2026, ss.1-10, (Yayınlanmadı)

  • Yayın Türü: Bildiri / Yayınlanmadı
  • Basıldığı Şehir: Nevşehir
  • Basıldığı Ülke: Türkiye
  • Sayfa Sayıları: ss.1-10
  • Yıldız Teknik Üniversitesi Adresli: Evet

Özet

Decarbonising iron and steel production requires coordinated changes in production route, energy supply and metallic feedstock. This study presents a boundary-aware evidence synthesis of blast furnace-basic oxygen furnace (BF-BOF), natural-gas direct reduction coupled with an electric arc furnace (NG-DRI + EAF), scrap-based EAF, and hydrogen-based DRI + EAF. The 66-reference undergraduate thesis corpus was screened, and 27 regulatory, technical, peer-reviewed, environmental product declaration and corporate sources were retained or updated for the conference synthesis. Quantitative evidence was classified as criterion-matched, boundary-qualified or context-only according to product, unit and accounting boundary. Representative route markers were 2.13, 1.25, 0.38 and 0.10 tCO₂e/t steel, respectively. Because EU Taxonomy criteria apply to defined process products under EU Emissions Trading System accounting, these markers and A1–A3 product footprints were not treated as directly interchangeable. The 1.331 tCO₂e/t hot-metal and 0.209 tCO₂e/t EAF carbon-steel values were used only as boundary-qualified comparators. Under an illustrative same-boundary assumption, the selected BF-BOF and scrap-EAF markers imply reductions of approximately 37% and 45%; these arithmetic gaps do not establish alignment. Literature-informed design points decrease from 2.32 to 1.10 with CCUS and efficiency, 0.60 with blue-hydrogen DRI and 0.20 with renewable-energy-based green H₂-DRI + EAF. The blast furnace remains the principal quantified hotspot at 41.7%. Robust alignment requires verified, criterion-matched facility data together with renewable electricity, quality-controlled scrap, hydrogen infrastructure, best available techniques and quantified do-no-significant-harm safeguards