Data-Driven SoH Estimation-Based Rotational Equalization for Battery Lifecycle Extension in CHB Systems
8th Global Power, Energy and Communication Conference, GPECOM 2026, Naples, Italy, 3 - 05 June 2026, pp.195-200, (Full Text)
- Publication Type: Conference Paper / Full Text
- Doi Number: 10.1109/gpecom70462.2026.11578740
- City: Naples
- Country: Italy
- Page Numbers: pp.195-200
- Keywords: battery aging, cascaded H-bridge, data-driven model, SoH estimation
- Yıldız Technical University Affiliated: Yes
Abstract
Cascaded H-Bridge (CHB) systems are distinguished by their modular architecture, facilitating integration into Battery Energy Storage Systems (BESS); however, conventional Level-Shifted Pulse Width Modulation (LS-PWM) in these systems causes unequal module utilization. Modules assigned to lower-level carriers experience longer activation durations, leading to asymmetric battery aging and a significantly reduced battery module lifecycle. To address this critical limitation, this study proposes a novel State-of-Health (SoH)-based dynamic rotational equalization strategy integrated with a Gaussian Process Regression (GPR) estimation framework for a 7-level CHB inverter. The proposed strategy continuously tracks each module's estimated SoH. By dynamically rotating the carrier-wave hierarchy, the system adjusts the power consumption per battery module according to its current capacity. Simulation results validate that the proposed approach successfully eliminates the 75% power imbalance typical of fixed-carrier techniques. Under asymmetric aging conditions (varying from 1.6 Ah to 2.0 Ah capacity), the load is adaptively distributed: the lowest-capacity module's consumption is restricted to 0.3 Ah, while high-SoH modules handle 0.4 Ah. Furthermore, this dynamic active balancing is achieved while maintaining purely sinusoidal output voltage and current waveforms.