Modeling and optimization of rooftop photovoltaic system-based microgrids using Particle Swarm Optimization considering cooperative and incentive policies
Journal of Engineering Research (Kuwait), 2026 (SCI-Expanded, Scopus)
- Yayın Türü: Makale / Tam Makale
- Basım Tarihi: 2026
- Doi Numarası: 10.1016/j.jer.2026.09.046
- Dergi Adı: Journal of Engineering Research (Kuwait)
- Derginin Tarandığı İndeksler: Science Citation Index Expanded (SCI-EXPANDED), Scopus, Arab World Research Source, Directory of Open Access Journals, Academic Search Ultimate (EBSCO)
- Anahtar Kelimeler: Cooperative microgrids, Energy optimization, Incentive policies, Lifetime cost analysis, Particle swarm optimization, Photovoltaic systems, Renewable energy communities
- Yıldız Teknik Üniversitesi Adresli: Evet
Özet
The increasing use of microgrids based on rooftop photovoltaic systems presents several challenges, primarily the limited roof space. Therefore, an optimal sizing strategy considering economic feasibility, renewable energy integration, and demand fulfillment is essential. This study proposes an optimization-based solution for the efficient sizing of rooftop PV microgrids by integrating hydroelectric-based storage units. The research was conducted using one year of real consumption data from five different consumption points. To achieve cost-effective and sustainable energy production, a Life Cycle Cost Analysis was performed to ensure that demand is met entirely from renewable sources at minimum cost. The Particle Swarm Optimization algorithm was used to determine the optimal sizing parameters, and the optimization was implemented in MATLAB. To improve feasibility and reduce the initial investment burden, this study integrates a cooperative-based financial model where energy cooperatives facilitate investment allocation. Additionally, policy-based incentive mechanisms such as Net Energy Measurement, Feed-in Tariff, Value-Added Tax exemptions, and financial subsidies were incorporated into the model to assess their impact on the system's feasibility. Various scenario analyses were conducted to evaluate different grid interaction levels, load profiles, and policy incentives to ensure scalability and real-world applicability. The findings demonstrate that cooperative-based microgrid models can significantly reduce financial constraints, minimize grid dependency, and promote fully renewable, cost-optimized energy systems. This study provides valuable insights for energy policymakers, investors, and researchers in the field of distributed renewable energy systems by offering a novel framework for optimizing renewable energy-based microgrid deployments.