Carbon-oriented Operational Optimisation of A CHP-ABS-HP-DH System for A Data Centre
13th International Conference on Electrical and Electronics Engineering, ICEEE 2026, Antalya, Türkiye, 27 - 29 Nisan 2026, ss.505-511, (Tam Metin Bildiri)
- Yayın Türü: Bildiri / Tam Metin Bildiri
- Doi Numarası: 10.1109/iceee69936.2026.11598162
- Basıldığı Şehir: Antalya
- Basıldığı Ülke: Türkiye
- Sayfa Sayıları: ss.505-511
- Anahtar Kelimeler: CCHP, CHP, CO2 optimisation, data centre, district heating, heat pump, PUE
- Yıldız Teknik Üniversitesi Adresli: Evet
Özet
Data centers are among the most energy-intensive building types due to their continuous IT loads and strict cooling requirements. In this study, a simplified linear optimization model is developed to minimize the annual net CO2 emissions of a data center supplied by the electrical grid and a gas-engine combined cooling, heating and power (CCHP) system. The configuration includes a 2.5 MW CHP unit, an absorption chiller, a mechanical chiller, a heat pump and an interface to a district-heating network. The model is implemented in Pyomo and solved with hourly resolution for one full year using ERA5 weather data for Istanbul, 1.6 MW IT and 0.45 MW non-IT loads, and official Turkish electricity and natural-gas prices. While the optimization objective is purely environmental, annual electrical PUE and operating cost are calculated ex post to compare different operating strategies. Three scenarios are analyzed: grid-only baseline, CHP with absorption cooling, and a full configuration including heat pump and district-heating export. Results show that CHP with absorption cooling can reduce CO2 emissions from 13, 144.97 tCO2 in the baseline to 8,541.08 tCO2(≈ 35% reduction) and annual cost from 70.96 MTL to 49.61 MTL (≈ 30% reduction), with an annual PUE of 1.354. The full configuration further decreases CO2 emissions to 7,985.31 tCO2(≈ 39% reduction) and enables 6.25 GWhth / year of district-heating export, though with slightly higher PUE (1.446) and operating cost (53.47 M TL). The study highlights that carbon-optimal operation does not necessarily coincide with minimum PUE or minimum cost, underlining the importance of multi-metric evaluation in data centre energy studies.