Study on Adsorption Efficiency of Low-Cost Hemp Seed Oil Cake (Cannabis sativa L.) as Adsorbent for the Removal of Reactive Black 5 Dye from Aqueous Solution

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Hardieka A. M., Budak T.

Asian Journal of Chemistry, vol.38, no.2, pp.463-470, 2026 (Scopus)

• Publication Type: Article / Article
• Volume: 38 Issue: 2
• Publication Date: 2026
• Doi Number: 10.14233/ajchem.2026.35201
• Journal Name: Asian Journal of Chemistry
• Journal Indexes: Scopus
• Page Numbers: pp.463-470
• Yıldız Technical University Affiliated: Yes

Abstract

Driven by the need for sustainable and economical water treatment solutions, this study explores the use of agricultural byproduct 

adsorbents, specifically hemp seed oil cake (HSOC), for the removal of reactive black 5 (RB5) dye. Batch experiments identified the ideal 

conditions for the adsorption process, resulting in a maximum removal efficiency of 99.94%. The process, identified as spontaneous and 

exothermic through thermodynamic analysis, was most effective under the following conditions: an initial RB5 dye concentration of 10 

mg/L, 1.5 g of HSOC adsorbent, a pH of 4 (acidic condition), 45 min of contact time, 100 rpm agitation and a temperature of 50 ºC. These 

results collectively affirm HSOC’s promise as a highly efficient, bio-based material for the remediation of dye-contaminated water.