Architectural characteristics of Surb T'ovma Monastery: A case of Vaspurakan Monasteries in Türkiye
Frontiers of Architectural Research, 2026 (AHCI, Scopus)
- Publication Type: Article / Article
- Publication Date: 2026
- Doi Number: 10.1016/j.foar.2026.05.002
- Journal Name: Frontiers of Architectural Research
- Journal Indexes: Arts and Humanities Citation Index (AHCI), Scopus, Art Source, Compendex, Index Islamicus, Directory of Open Access Journals, Materials Science & Engineering Collection (ProQuest), Technology Collection (ProQuest)
- Keywords: 3D digital documentation, Abandoned cultural heritage, Armenian monastic architecture, Jamatoun, Surb T'ovma Monastery, Vaspurakan
- Yıldız Technical University Affiliated: Yes
Abstract
Studies on Vaspurakan monasteries in Türkiye are limited to historical narratives and schematic descriptions; however, systematic architectural documentation and analysis have not been undertaken. Addressing this gap, this study examines the architectural characteristics of Surb T'ovma Monastery, an understudied Vaspurakan monastery, for the first time. Field surveys and 3D documentation reveal the monastery's architectural features and conservation condition. Comparative analysis situates Surb T'ovma within the broader context of Armenian monastic architecture. The findings demonstrate that architectural characteristics of Surb T'ovma, such as its simple design approach, and regional rubble-wall techniques, reflect a typical Vaspurakan monastery. In addition, the presence of a semi-civic jamatoun stands out as a distinctive feature within Armenian monastic architecture. However, although Surb T'ovma shares a unique architectural character with other monasteries in the region, the loss of function has accelerated the deterioration process. The study provides new insights into Vaspurakan architectural historiography, by revealing development of monastic architecture and its preservation state. It highlights the methodological value of digital documentation by enabling the precise identification of architectural details and structural deterioration beyond the limits of conventional survey methods. The study contributes to raising awareness of similar abandoned cultural heritage sites by introducing a comprehensive methodology.