Akademik Veri Yönetim Sistemi
13. Uluslararası Azerbaycan Fen, Mühendislik, Matematik ve Uygulamalı Bilimler Kongresi, Baku, Azerbaycan, 21 - 22 Aralık 2025, cilt.13, ss.1-7, (Tam Metin Bildiri)
Off-grid photovoltaic water pumping systems (PVWPS) have emerged as a
sustainable and environmentally friendly solution, particularly in rural and
water-scarce regions. However, the reliable and economically efficient
operation of these systems strongly depends on the appropriate sizing of both
the photovoltaic (PV) array configuration and the water storage capacity. In
this study, a cost–reliability–oriented optimization framework based on a
detailed physics-based PVWPS model is proposed using the grey wolf optimizer
(GWO). The system, including a PV array, pump, pipeline, and water storage
tank, is simulated over a one-year period with hourly resolution. This allows
it to account for solar irradiance variability and hydraulic system behavior. The
primary objective of the optimization is to minimize the unit cost of water
(COU, $/m³), while ensuring system reliability via constraints on loss of load
probability (LPSP < 0.01) and water shortage duration (SD) (shortage days
< 5 days. The GWO algorithm is implemented with a penalty-based objective
function. The numbers of PV modules connected in series and parallel are
considered decision variables. So is the water tank volume. The results
demonstrate that the GWO algorithm can identify an economically balanced system
configuration that satisfies the prescribed reliability constraints. For the
optimal solution, an LPSP value of 0.0099, an annual water SD of 3.875 days,
and a unit water cost of 1.057 $/m³ are obtained. Moreover, the findings
indicate that excess water production during periods of high solar availability
can be effectively managed via water storage, enabling a reliable energy–demand
balance without the need for battery storage. Overall, this study highlights
the effectiveness, flexibility, and practical applicability of the grey wolf optimizer
as a robust optimization tool for the design and sizing of off-grid PV-water
pumping systems.