Akademik Veri Yönetim Sistemi
İTÜ Metalurji ve Malzeme Mühendisliği Dergisi, cilt.3, sa.1, ss.20-25, 2026 (Hakemli Dergi)
After the 2010s, numerous examples of çeşni fragments—used as test pieces to evaluate color performance and glaze compatibility—were unearthed during the İznik Tile Kilns Excavation (Bursa), while comparable sherds were also recovered from excavations at Tekfur Palace in Istanbul. Considering historical evidence indicating the involvement of İznik craftsmen in tile production at Tekfur Palace, this study investigates the technological compatibility of these çeşni examples with İznik production traditions. To this end, glazes, decorative pigments, and ceramic bodies were analyzed using portable X-ray fluorescence (pXRF) spectroscopy. The chemical composition data reveal the presence of two principal production groups. The first group consists of tiles with stonepaste bodies, low lead oxide contents in the glaze (<10 wt%), and an average tin oxide content of approximately 2 wt%. The second group is characterized by lead–alkali glazes applied over ceramic bodies rich in lime and clay, indicating the use of different raw materials and technological choices. These results suggest that multiple production practices were employed during the relatively short-lived tile manufacture at Tekfur Palace. The decorative palette encompasses a wide chromatic range, including yellow, red, brown, black, blue, green, and turquoise. pXRF analyses identified the use of Naples yellow for yellow decoration, chromite–spinel mixtures or pure spinel for black areas, and cobalt ores both with and without arsenic for blue decoration. Overall, the study provides new archaeometric evidence that enhances our understanding of technological diversity in Ottoman tile production during the 18th century.