Akademik Veri Yönetim Sistemi
Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 2025 (SCI-Expanded)
This study examined the effectiveness of Luffa cylindrica fibre (LCF), an inexpensive biomass fibre, as a biosorbent for removing the cationic dye Basic Blue 3 (BB3) from aqueous solutions. LCF was pretreated with natural fermented apple cider vinegar (NFACV) to enhance its adsorption capacity. The biosorbent was characterised using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and the point of zero charge (PZC), and its chemical composition was determined using energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS). The pH at zero charge (pHPZC) value measured after 24 h for LCF was 4.3, whereas for NFACV-treated LCF (NFACVT-LCF), it was 3.9. Biosorption experiments were conducted with ultrasonic assistance at a constant temperature (50 ± 1 °C) in order to investigate the effects of solution pH (3–11), initial BB3 concentration (5–75 mg/L) and contact time (10–60 min) on dye removal. Ultrasonic-assisted biosorption (USAB) was favoured due to its high efficiency and reduced processing times. The findings showed that NFACVT-LCF exhibited high dye removal efficiency at high pH values. Utilising 4 g/L of NFACVT-LCF, a 92.8% dye removal was attained within 40 min at 50 °C and pH 7 for an initial dye concentration of 10 mg/L. The evaluation of biosorption kinetics was conducted using the pseudo-first-order, pseudo-second-order, intraparticle diffusion and Elovich kinetic rate equations. The modeling studies performed that the biosorption kinetics were best described by pseudo-second-order kinetic model. Biosorption isotherms was examined with Langmuir, Freundlich, Dubinin-Radushkevich and Tempkin isotherm models. The results indicate that the Langmuir model provides the best correlation of experimental data. The reusability of the adsorbent material is important for economic viability. After ten repeated biosorption cycles, NFACVT-LCF demonstrated a notable capacity for reuse at pH 7. The study indicates that NFACVT-LCF could be a promising alternative to the costly adsorbents currently utilized in dye removal.