Akademik Veri Yönetim Sistemi
AIMS Mathematics, cilt.11, sa.5, ss.13071-13089, 2026 (SCI-Expanded, Scopus)
The correspondence between points on the unit dual sphere and lines in the Euclidean space R3 was first expressed via E. Study maps, which has served as a foundation for numerous studies in the theory of ruled surfaces and kinematics. The significance of this theorem lies in the correspondence it establishes between the curves on the unit dual sphere and the ruled surfaces in the Euclidean space R3. However, it has led to a strong focus on the unit dual sphere, leading to the neglect of the broader D3 and leaving the theory of curves, surface theory, and kinematics in the dual space D3 largely unexplored. To fill this gap, the present study introduced “generalized E. Study maps”, which proved that for every dual curve in the dual space D3, there existed a corresponding ruled surface in the Euclidean space R3. Furthermore, the study constructed the theory of curves in the dual space D3 via the theory of real curves. The results were expected to guide future research on the dual curve theory, dual surface theory, and kinematics in the dual space D3, and pave the way for exploring the striking correspondence between the dual space D3 and the Euclidean space R3 from an expanded viewpoint.