Cellulose nanofiber (CNF)-reinforced chitosan (Cs)–polyvinyl alcohol (PVOH) hybrid films as core layers in sandwich composites: a bio-based system with enhanced interfacial and thermo-mechanical performance
Wood Material Science and Engineering, 2026 (SCI-Expanded, Scopus)
- Yayın Türü: Makale / Tam Makale
- Basım Tarihi: 2026
- Doi Numarası: 10.1080/17480272.2026.2696476
- Dergi Adı: Wood Material Science and Engineering
- Derginin Tarandığı İndeksler: Science Citation Index Expanded (SCI-EXPANDED), Scopus, Applied Science & Technology Source, CAB Abstracts, Compendex, Natural Science Collection (ProQuest), Engineering Source (EBSCO), Materials Science & Engineering Collection (ProQuest), Technology Collection (ProQuest)
- Anahtar Kelimeler: Bio-based materials, biodegradability, hydrogen bonding, viscoelastic behavior, wood bonding
- Yıldız Teknik Üniversitesi Adresli: Evet
Özet
This study addresses the limited understanding of sandwich composites manufactured with cellulose nanofiber (CNF)-reinforced hybrid films rather than conventional synthetic adhesives. The use of CNF-reinforced hybrid films as both bonding and core-forming layers in sandwich wood composites has not been extensively studied. The objective was to assess the suitability of CNF-reinforced chitosan (Cs)/polyvinyl alcohol (PVOH) hybrid films as sustainable bonding core materials for wood sandwich composites. The aim was to evaluate the effects of CNF loading on interfacial interactions, thermo-mechanical properties, and biodegradability of Cs/PVOH hybrid films used to bond beech wood (Fagus orientalis L.) veneers. CNF reinforcement significantly enhanced intermolecular interactions and thermo-mechanical performance in both hybrid films and sandwich composites. The NF7% hybrid films exhibited the highest storage modulus (E′) and loss modulus (E″), reaching 860 and 117 MPa, respectively, at 100 °C. Sandwich bio-composites demonstrated higher thermo-mechanical stability above 125 °C than beech wood, maintaining stiffness even at 200 °C. Overall, the results demonstrate that CNF-reinforced Cs/PVOH hybrid films can serve as effective structural core layers, with NF7% CNF providing the optimal balance between thermo-mechanical performance and sustainability.