Rapid detection of green-pea adulteration in pistachio nuts using Raman spectroscopy and chemometrics

Taylan O., ÇEBİ N., YILMAZ M. T., SAĞDIÇ O., Ozdemir D., Balubaid M.

Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture, cilt.101, sa.4, ss.1699-1708, 2021 (SCI-Expanded) identifier identifier identifier

  • Yayın Türü: Makale / Tam Makale
  • Cilt numarası: 101 Sayı: 4
  • Basım Tarihi: 2021
  • Doi Numarası: 10.1002/jsfa.10845
  • Dergi Adı: Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture
  • Derginin Tarandığı İndeksler: Science Citation Index Expanded (SCI-EXPANDED), Scopus, Academic Search Premier, Periodicals Index Online, Aerospace Database, Agricultural & Environmental Science Database, Analytical Abstracts, Aquatic Science & Fisheries Abstracts (ASFA), BIOSIS, CAB Abstracts, Chemical Abstracts Core, Communication Abstracts, EMBASE, Food Science & Technology Abstracts, INSPEC, MEDLINE, Metadex, Pollution Abstracts, Veterinary Science Database, DIALNET, Civil Engineering Abstracts
  • Sayfa Sayıları: ss.1699-1708
  • Anahtar Kelimeler: portable Raman, pistachio nut, hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA), principal component analysis (PCA), partial least squares (PLSR), genetic inverse least squares (GILS), FOURIER-TRANSFORM RAMAN, INFRARED-SPECTROSCOPY, HERBAL MEDICINES, DISCRIMINATION, QUALITY, OILS, AUTHENTICITY, FRAUD, L.
  • Yıldız Teknik Üniversitesi Adresli: Evet

Özet

© 2020 Society of Chemical IndustryBACKGROUND: Ground pistachio nut is prone to adulteration because of its high economic value and wide usage. Green pea is known as the main adulterant in frauds involving pistachio nuts. The present study developed a new, rapid, reliable and low-cost methodology by using a portable Raman spectrometer in combination with chemometrics for the detection of green pea in pistachio nuts. RESULTS: Three different methods of Raman spectroscopy-based chemometrics analysis were developed for the determination of green-pea adulteration in pistachio nuts. The first method involved the development of hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA) and principal component analysis (PCA), which differentiated authentic pistachio nuts from green pea and green pea-adulterated samples. The best classification pattern was observed in the adulteration range of 20–80% (w/w). In addition to classification methods, partial least squares regression (PLSR) and genetic algorithm-based inverse least squares (GILS) were also used to develop multivariate calibration models to determine quantitatively the degree of green-pea adulteration in grounded pistachio nuts. The spectral range of 1790–283 cm−1 was used in the case of multivariate data analysis. A green-pea adulteration level of 5–80% (w/w) was successfully identified by PLSR and GILS. The correlation coefficient of determination (R2) was determined as 0.91 and 0.94 for the PLSR and GILS analyses, respectively. CONCLUSION: A Raman spectrometer combined with chemometrics has a high capability with regard to the detection of adulteration in pistachio nuts, combined with low cost, strong reliability, a high level of accuracy, rapidity of analysis, and minimum sample preparation. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry.